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Question
What is Saytzeff (Zaitsev) rule? Explain elimination reaction in 2-bromopentane.
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Solution
Alexander Zaitsev (also pronounced as Saytzeff) who in 1875 formulated a rule which can be summarised as “In dehydrohalogenation reactions, the preferred product is that alkene which has the greater number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly bonded carbon atoms.” Thus, 2-bromopentane gives pent-2-ene as the major product.
Elimination reaction in 2-bromopentane:
When 2-bromopentane is heated with alcoholic KOH, it gives 2-pentene (more substituted alkene) as major product and 1-pentene as a minor product.
CH3−CH(Br)−CH2CH2CH3alc. KOH−−−−−→ΔCH2=CH−CH2CH2CH3(minor product)+CH3−CH=CH−CH2−CH3(major product)
Alexander Zaitsev (also pronounced as Saytzeff) who in 1875 formulated a rule which can be summarised as “In dehydrohalogenation reactions, the preferred product is that alkene which has the greater number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly bonded carbon atoms.” Thus, 2-bromopentane gives pent-2-ene as the major product.
When 2-bromopentane is heated with alcoholic KOH, it gives 2-pentene (more substituted alkene) as major product and 1-pentene as a minor product.
CH3−CH(Br)−CH2CH2CH3alc. KOH−−−−−→ΔCH2=CH−CH2CH2CH3(minor product)+CH3−CH=CH−CH2−CH3(major product)
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