What is the difference between internal energy and free energy?

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Solution

Difference between internal energy and free energy:
Internal energy
Free energy
1. Internal energy is related to kinetic and potential energy and is used in the molecules of an object.
2. The energy associated with the random, disordered motion of molecules is defined as internal energy.
3. It can be converted to the non-mechanical work of the system.
4. Internal energy is important for understanding phase changes, chemical reactions, nuclear reactions, and many other microscopic phenomena.
5. Internal energy is represented by the symbol $U$ , and the unit of measurement is the joule $J$ .
1. By the term free energy, we mean the energy that is used to do the work and it is related to a chemical reaction.
2. Free energy refers to the amount of internal energy of a thermodynamic system that is available to perform work.
3. It can be converted to the mechanical work of the system.
4. The symbol $G$ represents Gibbs free energy. It is usually measured in Joules or Kilojoules.

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