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Introduction to Colloids

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What is the effect on viscosity and surface tension of a lyophilic and lyophobic colloidal solution?

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How does surface tension varies according to lyophobic and lyophilic colloids and pls explain me the reason why does surface tension varies that way

Q. Give two differences between Lyophilic colloids and Lyophobic colloids.

Q. The difference between a lyophilic and lyophobic colloid is their :

Viscosity of lyophilic colloidal solution is same as that of dispersion medium.

Q. Lyophilic colloidal sols are much more stable than lyophobic colloidal sols. This is due to the extensive solvation of lyophilic colloidal sols, which form a protective layer outside it which prevents it from forming associated colloids. Lyophilic colloidal sols also protect lyophobic colloidal sols from precipitation by the action of electrolytes. This is due to the formation of a protective layer by the lyophilic sols outside lyophobic sols. Lyophilic sols are also called protective sols.
Gelatin (lyophilic) protects gold sol (lyophobic) from coagulation on the addition of a solution of sodium chloride. The protective powers of different colloidal sols are measured in terms of gold number.
Gold number is defined as the amount of protective sol in milligrams that prevents the coagulation of 10 mL of a given gold sol on adding 1 mL of a

10 %

solution of sodium chloride. Thus, the smaller the gold number of a lyophilic sol, the greater is the protective power.

The coagulation of 100 mL of colloidal solution of gold is completely prevented by the addition of 0.25 g of a substance “

X

” to it before the addition of 1 mL of

10 % N a C l

solution. The gold number of “

X

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