Question

what is the function of enzyme in DNA replication?

Answer 1

Dear student,

Functions of enzymes in DNA replication are

Helicase
DNA replication begins within the DNA molecule by the creation of replication forks. The process of strand separation is made by the enzyme Helicase, which separates the two strands using the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis.
DNA Primase
After the DNA strands are separated, to begin the creation of new molecules, through addition of complementary bases to the templates, a short RNA segment, called a 'primer' is required. These primers are synthesized by DNA primase enzymes, thus initiating the DNA replication process.
DNA Polymerase
The most important enzymes, that carry out the main task of aligning the complementary bases with template strands of 'unzipped' DNA, are the DNA polymerases. Besides the task of elongating the DNA molecule, they also carry out DNA proof reading and repair.
Exonuclease (DNA Polymerase I)
The main function of Exonucleases like DNA polymerase I is to remove the RNA primer segments from the template strand. It is always involved in the 'Search and Remove' operation of these primers.
DNA Ligase
While Helicase works to unwind the DNA molecule, Ligase is the replication enzyme that binds the fragments together by addition of phosphates in the gaps that remain in the phophate-ribose sugar backbone.