The correct option is D All of the above
Seed dispersal is an adaptive mechanism in all seed-bearing plants that transports seeds away from their parent plant to ensure the germination and survival of some of the seeds to adult plants.
If the seeds germinate close to one another and also to the mother plant, then the young plants have to compete for resources. They might have to compete with the older plants for sunlight, since the younger plants might get shaded by older plants.
The seed dispersal also ensures that the plant species are able to spread to new locations.