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What is the unique feature of the biodiversity found in Panchmarhi Biosphere Reserve?
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Solution
Biosphere reserves can be defined as the areas which are meant for protection of biodiversity. It also focuses on their sustainable use. The Indian government has set up 18 biosphere reserve for the conservation of biodiversity. Pachmarhi reserve is distributed in three districts which include Hoshangabad, Betul, and Chindwara. It mainly consists of three wildlife conservation units, i.e., Bori sanctuary, Pachmarhi sanctuary and Satpura national park. This reserve has 510 villages. The scientific management and conservation of forests in India started in 1862 by demarcating Bori Reserve Forest, which lies in the Bori Sanctuary of this reserve. This also resulted in the establishment of the Forest Department in India. It consists of a diverse range of flora and fauna.
Flora:Some of the important timber species of the Biosphere Reserve are teak and sal. About 30 species of Thallophytes, 83 species of Bryophyte, 56 genera, 71 species of pteridophytes, 7 species of Gymnosperms belongs to 633 genera are reported. Pachmarhi plateau is a botanist’s paradise. There are rare and endemic species, which are observed and considered to be a ‘gene bank’ of rare species of this locality. Several rare angiosperm plants are also observed in this reserve. Species such as Whisk Fern, Sandbar willow, stalked adder’s tongue fern and Tree fern are found here. A few clumps of rare and endemic species like bamboo occur in the moist teak forest of Bori Reserve.
Fauna:About 50 species of mammals, 254 species of birds and 30 species of reptiles are reported. The steep vertical scarps are home to numerous raptors like a honey buzzard, serpent eagle, and black eagle. Common birds found in the reserve are red jungle fowl, Malabar pied hornbill, Malabar whistling thrush, and paradise flycatcher. The reptilian population includes geckos, skinks, etc. Several species as rhesus monkey, Indian giant squirrel, and flying squirrels are endemic to the area.
Biosphere reserves can be defined as the areas which are meant for protection of biodiversity. It also focuses on their sustainable use. The Indian government has set up 18 biosphere reserve for the conservation of biodiversity. Pachmarhi reserve is distributed in three districts which include Hoshangabad, Betul, and Chindwara. It mainly consists of three wildlife conservation units, i.e., Bori sanctuary, Pachmarhi sanctuary and Satpura national park. This reserve has 510 villages. The scientific management and conservation of forests in India started in 1862 by demarcating Bori Reserve Forest, which lies in the Bori Sanctuary of this reserve. This also resulted in the establishment of the Forest Department in India. It consists of a diverse range of flora and fauna.
Flora:Some of the important timber species of the Biosphere Reserve are teak and sal. About 30 species of Thallophytes, 83 species of Bryophyte, 56 genera, 71 species of pteridophytes, 7 species of Gymnosperms belongs to 633 genera are reported. Pachmarhi plateau is a botanist’s paradise. There are rare and endemic species, which are observed and considered to be a ‘gene bank’ of rare species of this locality. Several rare angiosperm plants are also observed in this reserve. Species such as Whisk Fern, Sandbar willow, stalked adder’s tongue fern and Tree fern are found here. A few clumps of rare and endemic species like bamboo occur in the moist teak forest of Bori Reserve.
Fauna:
About 50 species of mammals, 254 species of birds and 30 species of reptiles are reported. The steep vertical scarps are home to numerous raptors like a honey buzzard, serpent eagle, and black eagle. Common birds found in the reserve are red jungle fowl, Malabar pied hornbill, Malabar whistling thrush, and paradise flycatcher. The reptilian population includes geckos, skinks, etc. Several species as rhesus monkey, Indian giant squirrel, and flying squirrels are endemic to the area.
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