What property of conc. $H_{2} S O_{4}$ is made use of in each of the following cases ? Give an equation for the reaction in each case :

(a) in the production of HCI gas when it reacts with a chloride,

(b) in the preparation of CO from HCOOH,

(c) as a source of hydrogen by diluting it ans adding a strip of magnesium,

(d) in the preparation of sulphuric acid by warming a mixture of conc.sulphuric acid and copper-turnings,

(e) hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through concentrated sulphuric acid.

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Solution

(a) Due to its reducing property. i.e, it is a non-volatile
acid.
$N a C l + c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ N a H S O_{4} + H C l$

(b) It is a dehydrating agent.
$H C O O H C o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} - ------- \to C O + H_{2} O$

(c) Magnesium is present above hydrogen in the reactivity series so sulphuric acid is
able to liberate hydrogen gas by reacting with magnesium strip.

$M g + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ M g S O_{4} + H_{2}$

(d) Due to its oxidizing character
$C u + 2 H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ C u S O_{4} + 2 H_{2} O + S O_{2}$

(e) Due to its oxidizing property Hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through
concentrated sulphuric acid to liberate sulphur dioxide and sulphur is formed.

$3 H_{2} S + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ 4 S + 4 H_{2} O$

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Similar questions

Q. Sulphuric acid can be used In the laboratory to prepare the following substances :
(a) Hydrogen (b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Carbon monoxide (d) Sulphur dioxide
(e) Hydrogen chloride (f) Hydrogen sulphide
(g) Nitric acid.
1. Derive a balanced equation for each of the shove preparation.
2. In which of the reactions would you use (give numbers only): (i) Dilute Sulphuric acid, (ii) Sulphuric acid.
3. State the chemical property of sulphuric acid illustrated in each of these reactions.

A, B, C

and

D

summarize the properties of sulphuric acid depending on whether it is dilute or concentrated.

A =

Typical acid property

B =

Non volatile acid

C =

Oxidizing agent

D =

Dehydrating agent.

Choose the property (

A, B, C

D

) depending on which is relevant to each of the following :

(i) Preparation of Hydrogen chloride gas.
(ii) Preparation of Copper sulphate from copper oxide.
(iii) Action of conc. Sulphuric acid on Sulphur.

Why is :

(a) concentrated sulphuric acid kept in air tight bottles ?

(b) $H_{2} S O_{4}$ is not used as a drying agent for $H_{2} S$ ?

(a) What is the property of concentrated sulphuric acid which allows it to be used in the preparation of hydrogen chloride and nitric acid?
(b) What property of hydrogen chloride is demonstrated when it is collected by downward delivery (upward displacement)?
(c) Why is hydrogen chloride not collected over water?

Give reasons for the following:
(i) In the contact process, sulphur trioxide formed is dissolved in 98% sulphuric acid and not in water.
(ii) When solution of sulphur dioxide is exposed to air, it gets converted to sulphuric acid.
(iii) When diluting concentrated sulphuric acid, the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid.
(iv) When concentrated sulphuric acid is exposed to air, its volume increases and it becomes slightly dilute.
(v) Sulphuric acid can form two kinds of salts with sodium chloride.
(vi) When barium chloride is added to dilute sulphuric acid, a white precipitate is formed.
(vii) When carbon is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, carbon dioxide is formed.
(viii) Ammonia gas cannot be dried by passing through concentrated sulphuric acid.
(ix) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar/glucose, a black mass is left behind.
(x) Concentrated sulphuric acid should not be added to oxalic acid or formic acid in the open laboratory.
(xi) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to blue crystalline copper sulphate, it turns powdery white.
(xii) Concentrated sulphuric acid must be stored in airtight bottles.
(xiii) Cotton clothes get burnt with concentrated sulphuric acid.
(xiv) H₂SO₄ cannot be prepared by heating sodium sulphate with conc. HCl or HNO₃.

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