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Question
What signs can be used to represent the relationship between orchids and mango trees?
What signs can be used to represent the relationship between orchids and mango trees?
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Solution
The correct option is B +,0
No species lives in isolation in nature and populations of different species live together and interact in many ways.
Interaction between the populations of two different species is called interspecific interaction and these interactions can be beneficial, detrimental (harmful) or neutral (neither harm nor benefit) to the species.
‘+’ sign is used to denote beneficial interaction, ‘-’ sign to denote detrimental interaction and ‘0’ for neutral interaction.
The various population interactions observed in nature include mutualism, parasitism, commensalism, amensalism, competition and predation.
In commensalism, out of the two interacting species, one species is benefitted (commensal) and the other is neither harmed nor benefited (host). For example, some orchids grow as epiphytes on the branches of a mango tree. Epiphytes are plants that grow upon other plants only for support. They absorb moisture from the atmosphere with the help of the specialised aerial roots called epiphytic roots. The debris that collects on the supporting plants is a source of nutrients. In this case orchids are commensals as they are benefited from the mango tree and mango tree is neither benefited or harmed from this interaction.
Commensalism can be represented as (+,0). ‘+’ sign is used to represent the orchids and ‘0’ sign is used to represent the host.
(+, +) signs are used to represent mutualism in which both the interacting species are benefited.
(+, -) signs are used to represent predation, in which one species is benefited and another one is harmed
(-,0) signs are used to represent amensalism, in which one species is harmed and another one is unaffected by this interaction.
No species lives in isolation in nature and populations of different species live together and interact in many ways.
Interaction between the populations of two different species is called interspecific interaction and these interactions can be beneficial, detrimental (harmful) or neutral (neither harm nor benefit) to the species.
‘+’ sign is used to denote beneficial interaction, ‘-’ sign to denote detrimental interaction and ‘0’ for neutral interaction.
The various population interactions observed in nature include mutualism, parasitism, commensalism, amensalism, competition and predation.
In commensalism, out of the two interacting species, one species is benefitted (commensal) and the other is neither harmed nor benefited (host). For example, some orchids grow as epiphytes on the branches of a mango tree. Epiphytes are plants that grow upon other plants only for support. They absorb moisture from the atmosphere with the help of the specialised aerial roots called epiphytic roots. The debris that collects on the supporting plants is a source of nutrients. In this case orchids are commensals as they are benefited from the mango tree and mango tree is neither benefited or harmed from this interaction.
Commensalism can be represented as (+,0). ‘+’ sign is used to represent the orchids and ‘0’ sign is used to represent the host.
(+, +) signs are used to represent mutualism in which both the interacting species are benefited.
(+, -) signs are used to represent predation, in which one species is benefited and another one is harmed
(-,0) signs are used to represent amensalism, in which one species is harmed and another one is unaffected by this interaction.
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