Question

When do we use sedimentation and decantation as the method of separation of mixtures?

Answer 1

Mixture: When two or more substances are mixed without having any chemical change, then the final substance is known as a Mixture.

For example a mixture of water and sugar.

Separation of mixtures

• The process of separation of different constituents of a mixture using physical methods is known as the separation of mixtures.
• The method of separation of mixtures depends upon the properties of the components of the mixture.
• Sedimentation and decantation are also two separating methods generally used for the separation of insoluble components which are heavier than liquid.

Sedimentation

• Settling down heavier insoluble particles/ solids from a mixture is called sedimentation.
• We use this method for the separation of insoluble components which are heavier than liquid.
• During this sedimentation process, heavier substances of the mixture settle on the bottom, due to gravity.
• For example, mud settles from muddy water.

Decantation

• Pouring out of the upper clear layer of liquid into another container to separate two liquids without disturbing the sediment is called decantation.
• For example, pouring out oil from a mixture of oil and water.