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Question
When milk is heated at 62oC for 30 minute and then cooled, the process is called as
When milk is heated at 62oC for 30 minute and then cooled, the process is called as
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Solution
The correct option is B Pasteurization
Sterilization refers to a technique that makes the desired material/medium/object completely free from all life forms including microbial spores and viruses. It is done by number of methods like boiling, incineration, pasteurization, hot air sterilization etc. Option A is incorrect. Pasteurization is technique wherein heat is applied to liquids (milk, beverages and dairy products) to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage while retaining the flavour and food value. It includes exposure of the liquid to 71.6°C for 15 seconds (flash method) or to 63°–66°C for 30 minutes (batch method) followed by its cooling. Option B is correct. The conversion of ammonia into nitrates is termed as nitrification and is carried out by chemolithotrophic bacteria; Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Freezing refers to maintenance of bacteria under very low temperature that kill fractions of them but the survivors are maintained as dormants for longer periods as they show no metabolic activity; option D is incorrect. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Sterilization refers to a technique that makes the desired material/medium/object completely free from all life forms including microbial spores and viruses. It is done by number of methods like boiling, incineration, pasteurization, hot air sterilization etc. Option A is incorrect. Pasteurization is technique wherein heat is applied to liquids (milk, beverages and dairy products) to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage while retaining the flavour and food value. It includes exposure of the liquid to 71.6°C for 15 seconds (flash method) or to 63°–66°C for 30 minutes (batch method) followed by its cooling. Option B is correct. The conversion of ammonia into nitrates is termed as nitrification and is carried out by chemolithotrophic bacteria; Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Freezing refers to maintenance of bacteria under very low temperature that kill fractions of them but the survivors are maintained as dormants for longer periods as they show no metabolic activity; option D is incorrect. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
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