Question

When moving in a car the trees and buildings appear to move backwards where as the moon appears to be stationery why? does relative velocity concept fail in case of moon sun or stars.

Answer 1

As the distance from the car increases the relative speed of the trees and building as perceived by our eyes decreases. So the near objects are moving faster backward than the far object relative to the car. So there is a relative speed between the near object and the far object. Our brain interprets it as the far object going in the direction of car and the near objects in opposite direction.

The Michelson - Morley experiment failed to show any difference in the speed of light in any direction. Einstein took the result of this experiment as a proof that the speed of light is a constant to any frame of reference.

So, the relative concept does not fail in case of moon or star.