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Hydrogen from Acids

When the stop...

Question

When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, fumes can be seen coming out. Why does this happen?

A

Hydrogen chloride is a noble gas.

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B

There is an immediate reaction between hydrogen chloride gas and water vapour in the air.

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C

It reacts with the bottle to release fumes.

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D

None of these

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Solution

The correct option is B There is an immediate reaction between hydrogen chloride gas and water vapour in the air.
Actually HCl is a gas at room temperature. Inside bottle it is present as a liquid. When the stopper of a bottle is opened, HCl gas escapes, comes in contact with water vapours in atmosphere and forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid.

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When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, fumes can be seen coming out. Why does this happen?

When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride liquid is opened, fumes can be seen coming out. Why does this happen?

Explain why :

(a) anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.
(b) when the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(c) a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene :
(i) has no effect on litmus, and
(ii) does not conduct electricity.
(d) thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $N H_{4} O H$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of HCl gas.
(e) dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.

(f) hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water.

Q. Explain why? [5 MARKS]
(a) Anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aq. HCl is an excellent conductor of electricity.
(b) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(c) When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, there are fumes in the air.

Hydrogen chloride gas fumes in moist air but hydrogen sulphide gas does not.

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