Question

Which are stronger covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds?

Answer 1

Covalent bond:

1. It is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the two positively charged nuclei and the shared electrons.
2. These bonds form between the non-metal atoms of the same electronegativities.
3. For example, the ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ bond forms a covalent bond by sharing
4. A lone pair of electrons from a Nitrogen atom to an electron-deficient Hydrogen atom.

Ionic bond:

1. It forms a bond between the two oppositely charged cations and anions of elements.
2. The bonds are formed between the metals and non-metals with different electronegativities.
3. For example, the common salt is formed by an ionic bond between the Sodium cation and Chloride anion.

Metallic bond:

1. These bonds are formed between the metal cations and delocalized electrons in the metallic lattice of the metallic substance.
2. These types of bonds occur only in Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table.
3. Silver nitrate, for instance, is formed by the interaction of a Silver atom and a Nitrate group via metallic bonds.

Strongest bond:

1. The covalent bond is stronger than the other two bonds because its molecular orbital overlap is bigger.
2. A covalent bond exists in the form of solid, liquid, and gas but the other two bonds exist in solid only.
3. A covalent bond is directional and the remaining two are non-directional.
4. It has lower melting and boiling point as compared to the other two bonds.
5. The covalent bonds are the physical bond but ionic and metallic bonds require ions for the attraction.