Which of the following are the methods of formation of carbene?

$C H_{2} N_{2} Δ - \to : C H_{2} + N_{2}$

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$C H_{2} = C = O Δ - \to R C H : + N_{2}$

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$C H_{2} I_{2} Δ - -------- \to Z n / C u C o u p l e : C H_{2} + Z n I_{2}$

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$C H C l_{3} + N a O H \to : C C l_{2} + N a C l + H_{2} O$

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Solution

The correct option is D
$C H C l_{3} + N a O H \to : C C l_{2} + N a C l + H_{2} O$

2. I) Photolysis or pyrolysis of aliphatic diazo compounds (e.g., diazomethane).

i. $C H_{2} N_{2} △ o r h v - --- \to : C H_{2} + N_{2}$

ii. $R - C H N_{2} △ o r h v - --- \to R C H : N_{2}$

II) Photolysis or pyrolysis of ketenes.

$C H_{2} = C = O △ o r h v - --- \to : C H_{2} + N_{2}$

III) Simmons-Smith reactions:

$C H_{2} I_{2} △ - ------- \to Z n / C u c o u p l e : C H_{2} + Z n I_{2}$

IV) By the reaction of base on suitable polyhalogen compounds:

i). $C H_{3} C l_{3} + N a O H ⟶ : C C l_{2} + N a C l + H_{2} O$

ii). $C H B r_{3} + C_{2} H_{5} O N a ⟶ C B r_{2} + C_{2} H_{5} O H + N a B r$

iii). $C H C l B r l + C_{2} H_{5} O N a C - I b r e a k s - ------ \to : C C l B r + C_{2} H_{5} O H + N a l$

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