Which of the following carboxylic acids is most reactive towards esterification?

(C H_{3})_{3} C C O O H

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(C H_{3})_{2} C H C O O H

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C H_{3} C H_{2} C O O H

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(C_{2} H_{5})_{2} C H C O O H

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Solution

The correct option is B $C H_{3} C H_{2} C O O H$
$C H_{3} C H_{2} C O O H$ is most reactive towards esterification as C atom of carboxylic group is stericaly least hindered. Greater is the steric hinderance, lower is the reactivity.

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C H_{3} C H_{2} C O O H > (C H_{3})_{2} C H C O O H > (C H_{3})_{3} C C O O H

{C l}_{3} C C O O H > {C l}_{2} C H C O O H > C l {C H}_{2} C O O H

{C H}_{3} C H_{2} C O O H > {(C H}_{3})_{2} C H C O O H > {(C H}_{3})_{3} C C O O H

F_{2} C H_{2} C O O H > F C H_{2} C O O H > C l {C H}_{2} C O O H

C l_{3} C C O O H > C l_{2} C H C O O H > C l C H_{2} C O O H

C H_{3} C H_{2} C O O H > (C H_{3})_{2} C H C O O H > (C H_{3})_{3} C . C O O H

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