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Question
Which of the following disorders is common in tobacco smokers?
Which of the following disorders is common in tobacco smokers?
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Solution
The correct option is C Emphysema
Tobacco leaves have been used by human beings for smoking, chewing or as snuff, for more than four centuries in spite of the fact that smoking takes a heavy toll on our health. The smoke produced from burning tobacco contains around 4000 chemical compounds including tar (solid particles suspended in tobacco smoke), nicotine, carbon monoxide, 70 different types of carcinogens (compounds which can cause cancer), etc.
Emphysema is a condition characterised by damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung due to the toxic substances present in tobacco smoke. As we breathe in air, the alveoli stretch and allow the diffusion of oxygen across their thin walls into the blood capillaries surrounding them. When we exhale, the alveoli shrink, forcing carbon dioxide picked up from the blood out of the body. Damage to the alveolar walls makes them incapable of supporting the bronchial tubes which collapse and cause a blockage. Thus, air remains trapped inside the lungs. This leads to wheezing, shortness of breath, cough etc.
Liver cirrhosis is a long-term effect caused due to alcohol addiction. It is a state when the liver has been damaged and replaced by scar tissue (made up of dead cells) which causes complete loss of function of the liver.
Asthma is a condition in which your respiratory passages swell and become narrow due to inflammation and may produce extra mucus. This causes strained breathing and triggers coughing, wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe out) and shortness of breath. Asthma may be triggered by allergens, inhalation of toxic smoke or due to physical exertion. A combination of environmental and genetic factors might cause asthma in an individual. Tobacco smoke can aggravate the illness in asthma patients but is not common in all smokers.
Tobacco leaves have been used by human beings for smoking, chewing or as snuff, for more than four centuries in spite of the fact that smoking takes a heavy toll on our health. The smoke produced from burning tobacco contains around 4000 chemical compounds including tar (solid particles suspended in tobacco smoke), nicotine, carbon monoxide, 70 different types of carcinogens (compounds which can cause cancer), etc.
Emphysema is a condition characterised by damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung due to the toxic substances present in tobacco smoke. As we breathe in air, the alveoli stretch and allow the diffusion of oxygen across their thin walls into the blood capillaries surrounding them. When we exhale, the alveoli shrink, forcing carbon dioxide picked up from the blood out of the body. Damage to the alveolar walls makes them incapable of supporting the bronchial tubes which collapse and cause a blockage. Thus, air remains trapped inside the lungs. This leads to wheezing, shortness of breath, cough etc.
Liver cirrhosis is a long-term effect caused due to alcohol addiction. It is a state when the liver has been damaged and replaced by scar tissue (made up of dead cells) which causes complete loss of function of the liver.
Asthma is a condition in which your respiratory passages swell and become narrow due to inflammation and may produce extra mucus. This causes strained breathing and triggers coughing, wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe out) and shortness of breath. Asthma may be triggered by allergens, inhalation of toxic smoke or due to physical exertion. A combination of environmental and genetic factors might cause asthma in an individual. Tobacco smoke can aggravate the illness in asthma patients but is not common in all smokers.
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