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Addition Reactions

Which of the ...

Question

Which of the following is the correct order for the reactivity of alkenes towards electrophilic addition?

C H_{2} = C H - N O_{2} > C H_{2} = C H - O C H_{3}

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C H_{2} = C H N O_{2} < C H_{2} = C (N O_{2})_{2}

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Ethene > Propene

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C H_{2} = C H - O C H_{3} > C H_{2} = C H - C H_{2} - O H

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Solution

The correct option is D $C H_{2} = C H - O C H_{3} > C H_{2} = C H - C H_{2} - O H$
Order of reactivity of alkene toward electrophilic addition is directly proportional to the stability of carbocation formed.
Electron releasing group and electron donating will influence the stability of carbocation. Thus, it will decide rate of reaction in electrophilic addition reaction.
Electron donating group will stabilise the carbocation formed.
Electron withdrawing group will destabilise the carbocation formed.

For (a), due electron donating group of $- O C H_{3}$ the carbocation will get stabilized and due to electron withdrawing nature of $- N O_{2}$ group carbocation gets destabilzed.
So,
$C H_{2} = C H - N O_{2} < C H_{2} = C H - O C H_{3}$

For (b), due to lesser number of electron withdrawing group,
$C H_{2} = C H N O_{2} > C H_{2} = C (N O_{2})_{2}$

For (c), secondary carbocation is more stable than primary so,
$C H_{2} = C H_{2}$ < $C H_{3} - C H = C H_{2}$

In (d) $C H_{3} - \oplus C H - O C H_{3}$ is more stable than $C H_{3} - \oplus C H - C H_{2} - O H$ because $- O C H_{3}$ is electron donating group and $- O H$ is electron withdrawing group.
So, (d) is correct

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