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Question

Which of the following is the most ecologically relevant environmental factor?

A
Light
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B
Temperature
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C
Water
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D
Soil
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Solution

The correct option is B Temperature
The different types of abiotic factors reflect the different types of environmental conditions. The environmental factors affect the various aspects of the organism and it causes to define the different activities of the organism that lives in those conditions.

The factors such as temperature, water, humidity, pH are considered as the primary factors that affect the organisms.
Temperature is one of the most important and vital environment factors. The different types of organism are exposed to several types of changes in the temperatures.

The changes in temperature are caused due to the position of the sun rays, air currents and other factors.
It influences the distribution of species as the species are able to grow within a narrow range of temperature which is known as the optimum temperature. The optimum temperature is needed for various types of physiological activities such as enzymatic activities and other types of biological activities. The functioning of the enzymes can occur only at proper temperatures and due to this reason, the living organism is required to maintain specific internal temperatures.
The distribution of the organism is also limited by the temperature conditions. Animals when faced with changes in the temperature either respond by several adaptations such as migration or changes in the activities in the form of hibernation or aestivation to avoid extreme conditions of temperature.

The temperature also brings changes related to the morphological features of the organism. The organism residing in a colder environment bears various types of adaptations such as presence of fur or hairs, thick layer of subcutaneous layer of fat. In the higher temperatures, the organism possesses adaptations such as skin that is resistant to increased temperature and other adaptations.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

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