Question

Which of the following statement(s) are correct?
(i) Vector borne infections are transmitted through direct modes.
(ii) Cholera spreads by faecal and oral route.
(iii) Ringworm spreads when the skin of a healthy person comes in contact with an infected person.
(iv) Vectors like mosquitoes carry pathogens that infect people.

• A. (i) only
• B. (ii) only
• C. (ii) and (iii)
• D. (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Answer 1

The correct option is D (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Transmission is the process by which disease causing microorganisms (pathogens) spread from one individual to another. Diseases or infections can be transmitted in many ways, it can be directly transmitted from one person to another, or with the help of a carrier. There are two modes of transmission of diseases:
1.Direct Transmission - The pathogen is transmitted directly from an infected person to a healthy person.

2.Indirect Transmission - The pathogens are transmitted from the infected person to a healthy person through vectors such as flies, mosquitoes, dogs, etc. For example female anopheles mosquitoes are the vectors that carries the pathogen that causes malaria.


Cholera disease is caused by a bacterium Vibrio cholerae. This disease is transmitted through contaminated food and water and found in places where there is a lack of sanitation facilities.

Ringworm is caused by the three different type of fungi- Epidermophyton, Trichophyton or Microsporum. It spreads through contact with the skin of the infected person.