Which of the following statements are true in the context of a compound Microscope?
(A) Each lens produces a virtual and inverted image
(B) The objective has a very short focal length
(C) The eyepiece is used as a simple magnifying glass
(D) The objective and eyepiece are convex and concave lenses respectively

(A), (B) and (D)

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(B) and (C)

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(A), (C) and (D)

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(B) and (D)

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Solution

The correct option is B (B) and (C)

In compound microscope both objective and eyepiece are convex lenses.
The objective has a very small focal length and hence has very high magnifying power ( $P \propto 1 / f$ ). It is positioned in such a way that the object is placed beyond its focal point and hence it forms a real, inverted and highly magnified image.
The image formed by objective serves as an object to the eyepiece. The position of eyepiece is kept such that the image formed by objective lens is formed within the focal length of the eyepiece. Hence, it forms a virtual and magnified image. This is similar to the working of a simple microscope which is also a convex lens and forms a virtual and erect image.

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Answer the following questions:

(a) The angle subtended at the eye by an object is equal to the angle subtended at the eye by the virtual image produced by a magnifying glass. In what sense then does a magnifying glass provide angular magnification?

(b) In viewing through a magnifying glass, one usually positions one’s eyes very close to the lens. Does angular magnification change if the eye is moved back?

(c) Magnifying power of a simple microscope is inversely proportional to the focal length of the lens. What then stops us from using a convex lens of smaller and smaller focal length and achieving greater and greater magnifying power?

(d) Why must both the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope have short focal lengths?

(e) When viewing through a compound microscope, our eyes should be positioned not on the eyepiece but a short distance away from it for best viewing. Why? How much should be that short distance between the eye and eyepiece?

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