Which of the following will maximum $p K_{a}$ value?

Phenol

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o-cresol

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ethanol

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o-nitrophenol

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Solution

The correct option is C ethanol
Order of $A c i d i t y - o - n i t r o p h e n o l > p h e n o l > o - c r e s o l > e t h a n o l .$ $o - n i t r o p h e n o l$ is more acidic than phenol due to electron withdrawing nature of nitro group. o-crseol is less acidic than alcohol due to electron-releasing nature of methyl group. Phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized but ethoxide ion is not. Thus, phenol is more acidic than alcohol. Greater the $p K_{a}$ value, less is the acidity.

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