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Question

Why does the lattice energy increase as the size of an ion decreases?


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Solution

  • The lattice energy of an ionic solid is defined as the energy required to completely separate one mole of a solid into its gaseous constituent ions.
  • If the size of a cation is smaller for an anion or the size of an anion is smaller for a cation, the distance between the ions i.e., the internuclear distance will be smaller.
  • Hence, the force of attraction between them will be stronger.
  • Additional energy will be required to separate these ions.
  • Hence, lattice energy increases as the size of an ion decreases.

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