Question

Why does the sense of hearing gets affected on rapidly gaining or losing height

Answer 1

A result of the pressure changes that occur when moving to higher or lower altitudes. cause serious hearing damage

The pressure on the outside of your eardrum needs to be the same as the pressure on the inside, which is why your ears have something called eustachian tubes. These adjust the pressure inside your ear to equal the pressure outside of it. If you ascend too quickly, such as during flying or diving, your eustachian tubes can't work fast enough. This means that, as you ascend, your eardrum swells outwards due to the pressure increase inside it. Likewise the opposite happens when you descend, sucking your eardrum inward and causing a vacuum effect.