Question

why it's called as infiltration

Answer 1

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil.Infiltration rate in soil science is a measure of the rate at which soil is able to absorb rainfall or irrigation.

The rate of infiltration is determined by soil characteristics including ease of entry, storage capacity, and transmission rate through the soil. The soil texture and structure, vegetation types and cover, water content of the soil, soil temperature, and rainfall intensity all play a role in controlling infiltration rate and capacity. For example, coarse-grained sandy soils have large spaces between each grain and allow water to infiltrate quickly.