Question

Write about biotic and abiotic components of forest ecosystem.

Answer 1

Biotic components of forest ecosystem:

Biotic components of a forest include producers, consumers and decomposers.

Producers:

1. The producers are mainly herbs, shrubs and trees.
2. A wide variety of grasses, ferns, creepers, berries, herbs and shrubs are found in a forest ecosystem.

Herbivores:

1. Herbivores such as deer, nilgai and elephants feed on grasses or shrubs.
2. Leaf hoppers, bugs, beetles and so on, feed on grasses and leaves of trees.

Carnivores:

1. Carnivores such as tigers, lions and foxes consume their prey largely by predation.
2. There are also a large number of predatory birds such as eagle and kite.

Decomposers:

1. Decomposers include bacteria and fungi.
2. They derive their nutrition from dead and decaying organisms, which include both plants (especially leaves fallen on the forest floor) and animals.

Abiotic components of forest ecosystem:

1. The abiotic components of a forest ecosystem include air rich in oxygen, water contained in several water bodies and organic and inorganic compounds in trees and soil as well as in the dead remains of plants and animals.
2. Climatic factors such as sunlight, temperature, rainfall and humidity play a great role in determining the flora and fauna in a forest ecosystem.
3. In temperate forests, the climate changes a lot from summer to winter. In tropical forests, the climate remains constant throughout the year.
4. Water keeps on circulating in a forest ecosystem.