Question

Write important role/roles of each: <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> [Review Questions 2 - Pg No. 63 ]
(a) Pericardial fluid
(b) Aorta

Answer 1

Answer
(a) Pericardial fluid

• The pericardial fluid Is a kind of fluid that is found in the pericardial sac in a very small amount.
• The sac is a thin layer that surrounds the heart.
• The pericardium Sac consists of two layers.
• The first layer that is the outer layer is called the parietal pericardium which is fibrous in nature.
• The layer that is present inside or the inner layer is called the visceral pericardium which secretes this fluid called the pericardial fluid.
• This sac helps in protecting and lubricating the heart and helps in keeping it in place in the chest.
• It helps in protecting the heart from mechanical injury as it absorbs the shock.
• This fluid is secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity.
• The fluid that is present in the sac called the pericardial fluid helps in decreasing the friction between the different pericardial layers.
• This fluid also helps in allowing the heart for its smooth movement while it beats.

(b) Aorta

• Aorta is an artery which is very large in size.
• it plays an important role in the circulation of the blood diastole.
• Aorta has four parts in the body.
• The four sections are: the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, the thoracic or descending aorta and the abdominal aorta.
• The head, neck and the arms of the body receive oxygen from the aortic arch.
• the heart gets oxygen from the ascending aorta.
• The thoracic aorta begins from the left of the vertebral column as it leaves the Thorax and becomes the abdominal aorta.
• The aorta helps in carrying deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
• It also helps in distributing the oxygenated blood to the different parts of the body.