Humans have four parathyroid glands, which are small glands in the neck, located behind the thyroid gland. These glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH, also known as parathormone). Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and potassium levels in the blood, which is necessary for nervous and muscular systems to function properly. When the calcium in the blood goes too low, the parathyroid glands make more PTH. PTH raises the blood calcium level by desorption of the bones.