Write the balanced equations for the reaction occurring when gold is dissolved in aqua regia.

2 A u + 3 H {N O}_{3} + 11 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 3 N O C l + 6 H_{2} O

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2 A u + 3 H {N O}_{3} + 13 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 2 N O C l + 8 H_{2} O

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2 A u + 5 H {N O}_{3} + 11 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 2 N O C l + 8 H_{2} O

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None of these

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Solution

The correct option is B $2 A u + 3 H {N O}_{3} + 11 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 3 N O C l + 6 H_{2} O$
$[H {N O}_{3} + 3 H C l \to N O C l + 2 H_{2} O + 2 C l] \times 3$
$[A u + 3 C l \to A u {C l}_{3}] \times 2$
$[A u {C l}_{3} + H C l \to H A u {C l}_{4}] \times 2$
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$2 A u + 3 H {N O}_{3} + 11 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 3 N O C l + 6 H_{2} O$

The balanced reaction for gold reacting with aqua regia is:
$2 A u + 3 H {N O}_{3} + 11 H C l \to 2 H A u {C l}_{4} + 3 N O C l + 6 H_{2} O$

So, the correct option is $A$

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