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Question

Write the main structural difference between DNA and RNA. Of the bases, thymine and uracil, which one is present in DNA?

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Solution

DNA and RNA base pairing is slightly different, since, DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine. Uracil differs from thymine in that it lacks a methyl group on its ring

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose. The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that ribose has one more -OH group than deoxyribose, which has -H attached to the second (2') carbon in the ring.

DNA is a double stranded molecule while RNA is a single stranded molecule.

DNA is stable under alkaline conditions while RNA is not stable.

DNA and RNA perform different functions in humans. DNA is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information while RNA directly codes for amino acids and as acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins.


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