Question

Choose the incorrect statement about insulin-

• A. It is produced in the pancreas
• B. Regulates the growth and development of the body
• C. Regulates blood sugar level

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Regulates the growth and development of the body

The correct option is B.

Explanation of the correct option:

1. Dr. Teusche in Switzerland created human insulin for the first time in 1975.
2. Insulin is a peptide hormone that is secreted by the beta cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
3. It regulates carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, facilitates cellular glucose uptake, and promotes cell division and proliferation through its mitogenic effects.
4. It is regarded as the body's primary anabolic hormone. It promotes the uptake of glucose from the circulation into the liver, fat, and skeletal muscle cells, which control the metabolism of carbs, lipids, and protein.
5. The ingested glucose is transformed in these tissues into either glycogen (through glycogenesis) or fats (triglycerides), or, in the case of the liver, both, via lipogenesis.

Explanation of the incorrect options:

Option A:

1. The first peptide hormone is identified as insulin.
2. Insulin, which means "island" in Latin, is a peptide hormone made by beta cells in the pancreatic islets and is encoded by the INS gene in humans.
3. High blood insulin levels severely restrict the liver's ability to produce and secrete glucose. The production of proteins in a variety of organs is also impacted by the circulation of insulin.

Option D:

1. As a result of their sensitivity to blood sugar levels, beta cells produce insulin into the blood in reaction to high glucose levels and block insulin secretion in response to low glucose levels.
2. Insulin increases the absorption and metabolism of glucose in cells, lowering blood sugar levels as a result.
3. By receiving their cues from the beta cells, their surrounding alpha cells produce glucagon into the circulation in the opposite way: more when blood glucose levels are low and less when glucose concentrations are high.
4. By promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver, glucagon raises blood glucose levels.
5. The main mechanism of glucose homeostasis is the release of insulin and glucagon into circulation in response to blood glucose levels.

Final answer: The incorrect statement about insulin is that it regulates the growth and development of the body