Question

Define the following terms giving one example of each. (i) Esterification (ii) Addition reaction

Answer 1

Esterification:

• Ester is fruit smelling chemical.
• The general formula for an ester is RCOOR.
• It is formed when carboxylic acid (R-COOH) reacts with an alcohol (ROH) in the presence of sulphuric acid.
• When primary alcohol like ethanol reacts with a carboxylic acid (ethanoic acid or acetic acid) in the presence of sulphuric acid a compound is formed called an eater.
• The chemical reaction occurring in the formation of the ester is known as an esterification reaction.

CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH → CH3COO C2H5 + H2O

Acetic acid ethanol ester water

Addition Reaction:

• A reaction in which two or more atoms are added across a double or triple bond in presence of a catalyst like Ni, Pt, etc. is called an addition reaction.
• Addition reaction is a kind of addition reaction.
• Chemical compounds containing double or triple bonds can undergo an addition reaction.
• Chemical reaction:

CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → CH₃-CH₃

Ethene Ethane