Question

Explain The Formation Of The Hydrogen Molecules With A Diagram

Answer 1

Formation of Hydrogen molecule:

• Hydrogen has only one electron in its $\mathrm{S}$ orbital.
• Hence, the electronic configuration of the hydrogen atom is $1{\mathrm{s}}^1$.
• During the formation of the ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ molecule, the $1\mathrm{s}$ orbitals of two hydrogen atoms containing one unpaired electron with opposite spin overlap with each other along the internuclear axis.
• Here, the overlap is called $\mathrm{s}-\mathrm{s}$ overlap, and such type of axial overlap results in the formation of a $\mathrm{\sigma }$-covalent bond, which can be shown as:

Thus, in the above-mentioned way the hydrogen molecule formation can be explained.