How will you convert ethanal into butane-1,3-diol?
How will you convert ethanal into butane-1,3-diol?
Aldol condensation:
- Aldol condensation is a condensation reaction that is a reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule.
- In this reaction, an enol(alkenes with a hydroxyl group attached to one of the double bonds' carbon atoms) or an enolate ion(deprotonated anions of enols) reacts with carbonyl compounds.
- It forms a β-hydroxy aldehyde or β-hydroxy ketone and is followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone(a functional group in which a ketone is conjugated with an alkene).
Aldol Condensation in Aldehydes with Base as a Catalyst:
Step 1: The α-Hydrogen from the base is removed
Step 2: Then the carbanion is formed which undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the carbonyl group present in the second molecule of the aldehyde Step 3: Then the formation of the condensation product.
Step 4: Protonation of alkoxide ions will occur due to a reaction with water.
Step 5: The heating of the aldol compound in the basic solution will help in dehydrating the product to form ‐unsaturated aldehyde compound.
Ethanal to butane-1,3-diol:
Step 1: Aldol condensation reaction
- Here, the α-Hydrogen from the base is removed and carbanion is formed which undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the carbonyl group present in the second molecule of the aldehyde
- Protonation of Ethoxide ions will occur due to a reaction with water and heating of the aldol compound in the solution gives 3-hydroxybutanal.
- Here, the Aldol condensation reaction occurs in presence of dilute which gives 3−Hydroxybutanal.
Step 2 Reduction:
3−Hydroxybutanal is further reacted by any reducing reagent ( or ) and that will convert the terminal aldehyde group into alcohol to form Butane−1,3−diol.
Aldol condensation:
- Aldol condensation is a condensation reaction that is a reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule.
- In this reaction, an enol(alkenes with a hydroxyl group attached to one of the double bonds' carbon atoms) or an enolate ion(deprotonated anions of enols) reacts with carbonyl compounds.
- It forms a β-hydroxy aldehyde or β-hydroxy ketone and is followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone(a functional group in which a ketone is conjugated with an alkene).
Aldol Condensation in Aldehydes with Base as a Catalyst:
Step 1: The α-Hydrogen from the base is removed
Step 2: Then the carbanion is formed which undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the carbonyl group present in the second molecule of the aldehyde Step 3: Then the formation of the condensation product.
Step 4: Protonation of alkoxide ions will occur due to a reaction with water.
Step 5: The heating of the aldol compound in the basic solution will help in dehydrating the product to form ‐unsaturated aldehyde compound.
Ethanal to butane-1,3-diol:
Step 1: Aldol condensation reaction
- Here, the α-Hydrogen from the base is removed and carbanion is formed which undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the carbonyl group present in the second molecule of the aldehyde
- Protonation of Ethoxide ions will occur due to a reaction with water and heating of the aldol compound in the solution gives 3-hydroxybutanal.
- Here, the Aldol condensation reaction occurs in presence of dilute which gives 3−Hydroxybutanal.
Step 2 Reduction:
3−Hydroxybutanal is further reacted by any reducing reagent ( or ) and that will convert the terminal aldehyde group into alcohol to form Butane−1,3−diol.
