- As selectable markers
- To keep media infection-free
- As sequence where replication starts
- To select the healthy vector
Answer a) As selectable markers
Explanation: The selectable markers are part of the cloning vectors which are antibiotic-producing protein genes. They confer resistance to the bacteria from that particular antibiotic. When bacteria are subjected to the introduction of a foreign gene under recombinant DNA technology, they are grown on a medium containing the antibiotic. The bacteria which can grow on that medium show successful incorporation of the foreign gene. Common selectable markers used are ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, etc.
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