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Question

Which among the following has maximum covalent character?


A

FeCl2

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B

SnCl2

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C

AlCl3

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D

MgCl2

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Solution

The correct option is C

AlCl3


The explanation for the correct option:

C) AlCl3

  • As the anion is the same we just need to check for the polarizing power of the cation, and by Fajan's rule higher the polarizing power more is the covalent nature.
  • Polarizing power is directly proportional to charge density i.e. charge to radius ratio.
  • Al+3 has the highest charge among the given and thus will be the one with the highest polarizing power.
  • It has a +3charge, which is highest among the given compounds and thus can disturb the electron cloud more as compared to other compounds.
  • Thus AlCl3 is the most covalent among the given salts.

The explanation for the incorrect options:

A) FeCl2

  • Here Fe2+cation is present, having+2 charge which is less than the charge of cation present in AlCl3.
  • Hence, it will have less covalent character than AlCl3.

B) SnCl2

  • Here Sn2+cation is present, having+2 charge which is less than the charge of cation present in AlCl3.
  • Hence, it will have less covalent character than AlCl3.

D) MgCl2

  • Here Mg2+cation is present, having+2 charge which is less than the charge of cation present in AlCl3.
  • Hence, it will have less covalent character than AlCl3.

Hence, option (C) is correct. AlCl3 has the maximum covalent character.


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