Fractional Distillation

Q. What is fractional distillation? with example.

Q. What is the principle behind the distillation process?

Q.

What is Minimum Boiling Azeotropes? Give one example.

Q. Question 33
Fractional distillation is suitable for separation of miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of about 25 K or less. What part of fractional distillation apparatus makes it efficient and possess an advantage over a simple distillation process. Explain using a diagram.

Q.

Why do we separate ethyl alcohol and water by fractional distillation?

1. Because water is a universal solvent.

2. Because both of them are liquids.

3. All of the above

4. The difference in the boiling point of the liquids is less than 30^oC.

Q.

Name the process you would use to separate a mixture of water and alcohol.

Q.

Which of the following cannot be separated from air by the process of fractional distillation ?

(a) oxygen (b) argon (c) hydrogen (d) nitrogen

Q.

Define fractional distillation?

Q.

Write the IUPAC name for Tollenss reagent.

Q.

What is the basic principle behind fractional distillation?

Q.

How can we obtain different gases from liquid air?

Q.

How is Nitrogen isolated from liquid air?

Q. A simple fractional distillation column is packed with _________ beads.

1. wooden
2. plastic
3. glass
4. metal

Q.

We use a ______ to collect a gas. (flask/ gas jar)

Q.

What are the reasons for separating the constituents of a mixture?

Q. The apparatus of fractional distillation is different from simple distillation because of the presence of _________.

1. fractionating column
2. condenser
3. distillation flask
4. conical flask

Q.

Simple distillation is used for liquids which have boiling point ___________

1. Less than 25 °C

2. Equal to room temperature

3. Greater than 25 °C

4. Greater than 30 °C

Q.

What difference in the property of two miscible liquids enables their separation by fractional distillation ?

Q.

Crude petroleum oil is a complex mixture of organic liquids that occurs naturally beneath Earth’s surface. It was formed millions of years ago. Crude oil is vaporized and made to undergo fractional distillation where its components get separated as shown in the figure.

The organic liquids present in crude oil are separated in a fractional distillation chamber because they have different

1. Viscosities

2. Melting points

3. Densities

4. Boiling points

Q.

How will you separate a mixture of water and ethanol?

Q. Which of the following products are obtained from petroleum?

1. Diesel
2. Petrol
3. Kerosene
4. Coal

Q. What is the principle behind the distillation process?

Q.

Which of the following apparatus is used in the assembly for fractional distillation process?

1. Tongs

2. Fractionating column

3. Evaporating dish

4. Test tube

Q.

When the boiling point between the components in the liquid mixture is less than 25°C, then fractional distillation is used.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Differentiate between:-

Fractional distillation & distillation

Q.

Name one pair of substances whose mixture can be separated by fractional distillation.

Q. Which of the following is a suitable method to separate two miscible liquids whose difference in boiling points is $36\text{K}$?

1. Evaporation
2. Distillation
3. Fractional distillation
4. Sublimation

Q. Seema visited a Natural Gas Compressing Unit and found that the gas can be liquefied under specific conditions of temperature and pressure. While sharing her experience with friends she got confused. Help her to identify the correct set of conditions.

1. Low temperature, Low pressure
2. Low temperature, High pressure
3. High temperature, High pressure
4. High temperature, Low pressure

Q.

Which process is used to obtain petrol, kerosene and diesel from crude oil?

1. Evaporation

2. Crystallization

3. Filtration

4. Fractional distillation

Q.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :

(a) Miscible liquids are separated by___

(b) Immiscible liquids are separated by using a___

(c) A mixture of kerosene and petrol can be separated by___

(d) The separation of liquids by fractional distillation is based on the difference in theri___

(e) The gases of air can be separated by fractional distillation of liquid air because they have different___

(f) A heterogeneous mixture of liquid and solid is conveniently separated by___

(g) If a mixture contains iron fillings as one of the constituents, it can be separated by using a ___