Introduction to Nitric Acid

Q.

Why does nitric acid turn skin yellow?

Q. What will be the action of the following substances on litmus paper ?

• Dry HCl gas
• Moistened ${\text{NH}}_3$ gas
• Lemon juice
• Carbonated soft drink
• Curd
• Soap solution

Q. Give two natural sources of sulphuric acid.

Q.

Which of the following is not a mineral acid?

1. Hydrochloric acid

2. Citric acid

3. Sulfuric acid

4. Nitric acid

Q.

Give one example in each case:
A weak mineral acid

Q. Sulphuric acid is a colourless and odourless liquid at room temperature.

1. False
2. True

Q.

B. Statements given below are incorrect. Write the correct statements :

4. During thunder and lighting, nitrogen and oxygen combine to form nitrogen dioxide gas.

Q.

Name the oxide of nitrogen which turns brown on exposure to air. How it is prepared?

Q. How many lone pairs, sigma and pie bonds are present in the structure of HCN and HNC

Q.

Which of the following acid is used with sodium chloride in the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas?

1. Conc. nitric acid

2. Conc. sulphuric acid

3. Dil. Chloric acid

4. Dil. nitric acid

Q.

Which gas is used in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid and methanol?

Q. What is the action of nitric acid on litmus paper?

Q.

State why for the preparation of Nitric acid, the complete apparatus is made up of glass?

Q.

Lightining bolts in the atmosphere causes the formation of

1. ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$

2. $\mathrm{NO}$

3. ${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{OH}$

4. ${\mathrm{NH}}_2\mathrm{OH}$

Q. What will be the action of the following substances on litmus paper ?

• Hydrochloric acid
• Moistened ${\text{NH}}_3$ gas
• Lemon juice
• Carbonated soft drink
• Curd
• Soap solution

Q. (a) Explain what you would observe and its equation for what happens when a nitrate is heated strongly.

(b) 1. Fill in the blank spaces in the following statements :
Most of the nitric acid today is manufactured by Ostwald's process. In this process a mixture of pure dry ammonia and air in the ratio of ...... by volume is first compressed and then passed over ..... at about ...... ${}^{\circ }C$. This results in the oxidation of ammonia into ....... which combines with ..... of the air to give ...... . This is an acidic gas from which nitric acid can be obtained by simply dissolving in ....... .
2. Give all the equations involved in the above process. [5 MARKS]

Q. 44. How to Find number of pπ-pπ and dπ-Pπ bonds in compound such as P4O10(Phosphorus pentoxide)?

Q.

What happens when sulphuryl chloride dissolved in water?

1. Sulfurous acid is formed

2. Nitric acid is formed

3. Sulphuric acid is formed

4. Nitrous acid is formed

Q. What is the action of nitric acid on litmus paper?

Q.

Name the following:
A colourless liquid having choking smell.

Q. Nitrogen dioxide dissolves in atmospheric moisture or rainwater in the presence of oxygen to form _____.

1. $N_{2}O$
2. $HN{O}_3$
3. $NO$
4. $N{O}_2$

Q. Which of the following nitrogen compound is known as Spirit of niter?

1. Nitrous acid
2. Nitrosylazide
3. Nitrous oxide
4. Nitric acid

Q. Explain the following :
i) $Dil.HN{O}_3$ is generally considered a typical acid but not so in the reaction with metals.
ii) Concentrated nitric acid appears yellow when it is left standing in a glass bottle.
iii) In the laboratory preparation of nitric acid an all-glass apparatus is used.

Q. The aqua fortis was the name given initially to :

1. $HCl$
2. $HN{O}_3$
3. $N{H}_3$
4. $H_{2}S{O}_4$

Q. The catalyst used in the contact process is:

1. copper
2. iron
3. vanadium pentoxide
4. manganese dioxide

Q. During lightning discharge, nitrogen in the atmosphere reacts with oxygen to form__________.

1. $N{O}_2$
2. $NO$
3. $N_2{O}_5$
4. None of the above

Q. $KN{O}_3$ is also called :

1. nitre
2. chile salt petre
3. bengal salt petre
4. Both A and B

Q. Which oxide of nitrogen is formed on subjecting nitric acid to heat or light?

1. $N_2{O}_4$
2. $N_2{O}_5$
3. $N{O}_2$
4. $N_{2}O$

Q. Nitrogen dioxide is:

1. soluble in $HN{O}_3$
2. insoluble in $HN{O}_3$
3. soluble in $HN{O}_3$ at higher temperature
4. insoluble in $H_{2}O$

Q. Which of the following nitric acid solution is referred as fuming nitric acid?

1. $>65$% $HN{O}_3$ in water
2. $>81$% $HN{O}_3$ in water
3. $>84$% $HN{O}_3$ in water
4. $>74$% $HN{O}_3$ in water