sp3 Hybridisation

Q.

Boron Trifluoride$\left({\mathrm{BF}}_3\right)$is a non polar molecule whereas ammonia $\left({\mathrm{NH}}_3\right)$is a polar molecule. The difference in polarity is related to the fact that

1. ${\mathrm{BF}}_3$ has no hydrogen bonding and ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ does

2. ${\mathrm{BF}}_3$ is triangular planar and ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ is pyramidal

3. ${\mathrm{BF}}_3$ is Lewis base and ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ is Lewis acid

4. None of the above.

Q.

What is the hybridization of ${\mathrm{PF}}_5$?

Q. The correct statement(s) regarding diborane is/are :

1. Maximum six hydrogen atoms can lie in a plane
2. Maximum six atoms can lie in a plane
3. Bridging $H_b-B-H_b$ bonds are stronger than terminal $B-H_t$ bonds
4. Terminal $H_t-B-H_t$ bond angle is greater than bridging $H_b-B-H_b$ bond angle.

Q.

Suggest reasons why the B–F bond lengths in $B{F}_3$ (130 pm) and $B{F}_4^{-}$ (143 pm) differ.

Q.

What is the difference between $ds{p}^3$ and $s{p}^{3}d$ hybridization?

Q.

The state of hybridization of boron and oxygen atoms in boric acid$\left(H_{3}B{O}_3\right)$ are respectively:

1. sp³ and sp³

2. sp² and sp³

3. sp³ and sp²

4. sp² and sp²

Q. In which of the following species is the bond angle maximum?

1. $N{H}_4^{+}$
2. $PC{l}_3$
3. $SC{l}_2$
4. $N{H}_3$

Q. What is the structure associated with $PB{r}_5$ in ionic solid state?

1. Trigonal bipyramidal
2. Octahedral
3. Both $\left(b\right)$ and $\left(c\right)$
4. Tetrahedral

Q. The number of three centre two electron bonds in a molecule of diborane is:

1. four
2. six
3. zero
4. two

Q.

Name a molecule that has a trigonal pyramidal shape.

Q.

Apart from tetrahedral geometry, another possible geometry for $C{H}_4$ is square planar with the four H atoms at the corners of the square and the C atom at its centre. Explain why $C{H}_4$ is not square planar?

Q. Which of the following statement is correct about $I_3^{+}$ and $I_3^{-}$ molecular ions?

1. Number of lone pairs at central atoms are same in both molecular ions
2. Hybridization of central atoms in both ions are same
3. Both are polar species
4. Both are planar species

Q. According to MO theory, number of species/ions from the following having identical bond order is

$C{N}^{-},N{O}^{+},O_2,O_2^{+},O_2^{2+}$

Q. Identify the correct match.

(i)	$Xe{F}_2$	(a)	Central atom is $s{p}^3$ hybridised and has a bent shape.
(ii)	$N_3^{-}$	(b)	Central atom is $s{p}^3{d}^2$ hybridised and has an octahedral shape.
(iii)	$PC{l}_6^{-}$	(c)	Central atom is $sp$ hybridised and has a linear shape.
(iv)	$IC{l}_2^{+}$	(d)	Central atom is $s{p}^{3}d$ hybridised and has a linear shape.

1. (i - a), (ii - b), (iii - c), (iv - d)
2. (i - d), (ii - b), (iii - d), (iv - c)
3. (i - b), (ii - c), (iii - a), (iv - d)
4. (i - d), (ii - c), (iii - b), (iv - a)

Q. Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-II
(Species) (Hybrid orbitals)
(a) $S{F}_4$ (i) $s{p}^3{d}^2$

(b) $I{F}_5$ (ii) $d^{2}s{p}^3$

(c) $N{O}_2^{+}$ (iii) $s{p}^{3}d$

(d) $N{H}_4^{+}$ (iv) $s{p}^3$

(v) $sp$

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. $\left(a\right)-\left(ii\right),\left(b\right)-\left(i\right),\left(c\right)-\left(iv\right),\left(d\right)-\left(v\right)$
2. $\left(a\right)-\left(iv\right),\left(b\right)-\left(iii\right),\left(c\right)-\left(ii\right),\left(d\right)-\left(v\right)$
3. $\left(a\right)-\left(i\right),\left(b\right)-\left(ii\right),\left(c\right)-\left(v\right),\left(d\right)-\left(iii\right)$
4. $\left(a\right)-\left(iii\right),\left(b\right)-\left(i\right),\left(c\right)-\left(v\right),\left(d\right)-\left(iv\right)$

Q. Bond angles in $H_{2}O$ and $BeC{l}_2$ respectively are:

1. ${180}^o,{109.5}^o$
2. ${109.5}^o,{109.5}^o$
3. ${104.5}^o,{180}^o$
4. ${109.5}^o,{180}^o$

Q. Alkynes on reduction with sodium in liquid ammonia form trans alkenes. Will the butene thus formed on reduction of $2$-butyne show the geometrical isomerism?

Q. Xenon fluorides are very good oxidising and fluorinating agents. They also act as $F^{-}$ donors and acceptors. When $Xe{F}_4$ donates its fluoride to $Sb{F}_5$, then the states of hybridisation of central atom of cationic part and anionic part product are :

1. $s{p}^3{d}^2,s{p}^{3}d$
2. $s{p}^3{d}^2,s{p}^3{d}^2$
3. $ds{p}^2,s{p}^3$
4. $s{p}^{3}d,s{p}^3{d}^2$

Q.

What is the difference between a stereogenic center and a chiral center?

Q. 1) - Write structure of the following compounds:
A) 2-Chloro-3-methylpentane

2) - Write structure of the following compounds:
A) 1-Chloro-4-ethylcyclohexane

3) - Write structure of the following compounds:
C) 4-tert. Butyl-3-iodoheptane

4) - Write structure of the following compounds:
D) 1, 4-Dibromobut-2-ene

5) - Write structure of the following compounds:
D) 1-Bromo-4-sec. butyl-2-methylbenzene.

Q.

The property of Carbon to form long chains or rings are -

1. Catenation

2. Polymerisation

3. Cracking

4. Hydrogenation

Q.

Write the number of $\mathrm{C}$ and $\mathrm{H}$ atoms in a molecule of Propane.

Q. Identify the correct statements regarding structure of diborane

1. There are two bridging hydrogen atoms.
2. Each boron atom forms four bonds
3. All hydrogen atoms are not in same plane
4. Each boron atom is in $s{p}^3$ hybridized state

Q.

Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of dipole moment. $C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}C{H}_3,C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}N{H}_2,C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}OH.$

Q. The hybridization present in $C{H}_4,C_2{H}_6,and{C}_2{H}_4$ are respectively:

1. sp³, sp², sp²
2. sp², sp², sp²
3. sp³, sp³, sp²
4. sp³, sp², sp

Q.

Predict the shape of ${\mathrm{NH}}_3$ and ${\mathrm{PCl}}_3$

Q. Geometry around how many carbon atoms is tetrahedral in the given structure?

1. 3
2. 4
3. 2
4. 5

Q. How many structures are correct from below
(i) In diborane 12 valence $e^{-}$ are involved in bonding
(ii) In diborane, two boron and four terminal hydrogen, lie in the same plane.
(iii) Diborane has ethane-like structure
(iv) In diborane, bridging bonds are 3-centre 2- electron bond

Q. Which of the following is incorrect statement regarding compound $C{l}_2{O}_6$?

1. In covalent (gaseous) state, each $Cl$ atom has a hybridisation of $s{p}^3$ in $C{l}_2{O}_6$
2. $C{l}_2{O}_6$ exists as $Cl{O}_2^{+}$ and $Cl{O}_4^{-}$ in ionic form
3. In ionic form of $C{l}_2{O}_6$, hybridisation of $Cl$ atoms is $s{p}^2$ and $s{p}^3$
4. In ionic form of $C{l}_2{O}_6$, hybridisation of both the $Cl$ atoms is $s{p}^3$

Q. Find the pair of species having the same shape but different hybridizations of the central atom.

1. $S{O}_3,C{O}_3^{2-}$
2. $N{O}_2^{-},Cl{O}_2^{-}$
3. $BeC{l}_2,HCN$
4. $Xe{F}_2,SnC{l}_2$