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Question

A dip needle lies initially in the magnetic meridian when it shows an angle of dip θ at a place. The dip circle is rotated through an angle x in the horizontal plane and then it shows an angle of dip θ'. Then tanθ'tanθ is


A

1cosx

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B

1sinx

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C

1tanx

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D

cosx

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Solution

The correct option is A

1cosx


Step 1: Given data

A dip needle lies initially in the magnetic meridian when it shows an angle of dip θ at a place. The dip circle is rotated through an angle x in the horizontal plane and then it shows an angle of dip θ'.

Step 2: Dip needle

  1. A dip needle, also known as a dip circle, is a compass with a pivot that allows it to move in a plane that contains the earth's magnetic field.
  2. The magnetic inclination, commonly known as the dip angle, is the angle created by the earth's magnetic field with respect to the horizontal.

Step 3: Calculating the value of tanθ'tanθ
The dip needle is originally in the plane of the magnetic meridian, with a dip angle of.

The plane in question is the plane ABCD, and the dip angle, or the angle between the horizontal BH and the earth's magnetic field BV, is as follows: tanθ=BVBH

Now, the dip circle is rotated through an angle x in the horizontal plane, changing the dip angle to θ' .
Let this new plane be CDEF. Here, there is a component of the horizontal acting in this place, in addition to the earth’s magnetic field. Therefore, tanθ'=BVBHcos(x)
Dividing the two equations, we get

tanθ'tanθ=BVBHcos(x)BVBHtanθ'tanθ=1cos(x)

Hence, option A is the correct option.


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