(a) Give the electron configuration of magnesium and chlorine.
(b) Write the electron dot-structures of magnesium and chlorine atoms.
(c) Describe the formation of magnesium chloride from magnesium and chlorine by the transfer of electrons.
(d) What type of chemical bonds are present in the magnesium chloride formed?
(e) Why do such compounds have high melting points?

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Solution

(a) Electronic configuration of magnesium is 2, 8, 2 and of chlorine is 2, 8, 7.

(b) Electron dot structure of magnesium and chlorine.

(c) Electronic configuration of magnesium is 2, 8, 2, so valence shell contains two electrons. To attain noble gas configuration magnesium will lose two electrons.
Electronic configuration of chlorine is 2, 8, 7, so valence shell contains seven electrons. To attain noble gas configuration chlorine will gain one electron.
So, the valency of magnesium is two while valency of chlorine is one.

(d) Ionic bond is formed in Magnesium chloride.

(e) Ionic compounds have a high melting point because of strong inter electronic attraction forces between them.

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