(a) Why Transition elements become paramagnetic?
(b) Explain oxidization properties of potassium permanganate in acidic medium. (any four only)

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Solution

(a) In the atoms of paramagnetic elements, there should be more or less one lone pair of electrons. In the configuration of transition elements and its ions are found lone pair of electrons generally. Hence transition elements exhibit paramagnetic property.
(b) Oxidization properties of $K M n O_{4}$ in acidic medium:
In the acidic medium $K M n O_{4}$ solution $M n O_{4}^{-}$ gives magnous ions $({M n}^{2 +})$ .
$2 M n O_{4}^{-} + 6 H^{+} \to 2 {M n}^{2 +} + 3 H_{2} O + 5 [O]$
Example: from $K I$ , produces iodine
(i) $2 K M n O_{4} + 8 H_{2} S O_{4} + 10 K I A c i d i c - ---- \to 6 K_{2} S O_{4} + 2 M n S O_{4} + 8 H_{2} O + 5 I_{2}$
(ii) $2 K M n O_{4} + 5 S O_{2} + 2 H_{2} O A c i d i c - ---- \to 2 M n S O_{4} + 2 H_{2} S O_{4} + K_{2} S O_{4}$
(iii) $2 K M n O_{4} + 16 H C l \to 2 K C l + 2 M n {C l}_{2} + 8 H_{2} O + 5 {C l}_{2}$
(iv) $5 \begin{matrix} C O O H | C O O H \end{matrix} + [5 O] \to 10 C O_{2} + 5 H_{2} O$

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