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Question

An embryologist was involved in a test tube baby programme. He successfully induced zygote formation under simulated laboratory conditions and kept it safely on Friday. On Tuesday, he came back to the lab and found the fertilised specimen to be in a healthy condition.

Which of the following procedures should be used to successfully transfer the specimen into a female?

A
ZIFT
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B
GIFT
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C
IUT
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D
ICSI
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Solution

The correct option is C IUT
During the in vitro fertilisation technique (fertilisation outside the body of the female) followed by embryo transfer (ET), also called test tube baby programme, ova from the female and sperm from male are collected and induced to form zygote in the laboratory.

The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) are transferred into the fallopian tube and this is called ZIFT(zygote intra fallopian transfer).
The embryos with more than 8 blastomeres are transferred into the uterus and this is called IUT (intra uterine transfer).

According to the information provided in the question, fertilisation took place on a friday. The embryo develops into 16 celled stage in 3-4 days after fertilisation and is termed morula. Hence, after 4 days, the embryo would be at 16 celled stage, making it suitable for IUT.

Gamete intra fallopian transfer (GIFT) is a technique in which the female gamete is transferred from a donor into the fallopian tube of the female who cannot produce ova but can provide a suitable environment for fertilisation and development.

In intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a tiny needle is used to inject sperm directly into the egg and an embryo is formed in the laboratory.

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