Analysis of a water sample revealed that the sample contains the following species.
$C O_{3}^{2 -}, N a^{+}, H^{+}, P O_{4}^{3 -}, A l^{3 +}, H_{2} C O_{3}, C l^{-}, C a^{2 +}, M g^{2 +}, H C O_{3}^{-}, F e^{2 +}, O H^{-}$
Concentrations of which of the species will be required to compute alkalinity?

H^{+}, H_{2} C O_{3}, H C O_{3}^{-}, O H^{-}

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C O_{3}^{2 -}, H^{+}, H C O_{3}^{-}, O H^{-}

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C O_{3}^{2 -}, H_{2} C O_{3}, H C O_{3}^{-}, O H^{-}

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C O_{3}^{2 -}, H^{+}, H_{2} C O_{3}, H C O_{3}^{-}

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Solution

The correct option is B $C O_{3}^{2 -}, H^{+}, H C O_{3}^{-}, O H^{-}$
$H_{2} C O_{3} a n d H C O_{3}^{-} n e v e r c o m e t o g e t h e r$

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Similar questions

A water contains the following dissolved ions.
$[N a^{+}] = 56 m g / L; [C a^{2 +}] = 40 m g / L;$
$[M g^{2 +}] = 30 m g / L; [A l^{3 +}] = 3 m g / L;$
$[H C O_{3}^{-}] = 190 m g / L; [C l^{-}] = 165 m g / L;$
Water $p H$ is $7$ .
Atomic weights:
$C a = 40, M g = 24, A l = 27, H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, N a = 23, C l = 35.5$

The non-carbonate hardness of the sample in $m g / L$ as $C a C O_{3}$ is

Q. Following chemical species were reported for water sample from a well

Species	Concentration (milliequivalent/L)
Chloride $(C l^{-})$	15
Sulphate $(S O_{4}^{2 -})$	15
Carbonate $(C O_{3}^{2 -})$	05
Bicarbonate $(H C O_{3}^{-})$	30
Calcium $(C a^{2 +})$	12
Magnesium $(M g^{2 +})$	18
$p H$	8.5

Total hardness in mg/L as

C a C O_{3}

Following chemical species were reported for water sample from a well

Species	Concentration (milliequivalent/L)
Chloride $(C l^{-})$	15
Sulphate $(S O_{4}^{2 -})$	15
Carbonate $(C O_{3}^{2 -})$	05
Bicarbonate $(H C O_{3}^{-})$	30
Calcium $(C a^{2 +})$	12
Magnesium $(M g^{2 +})$	18
$p H$	8.5