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Question

Anhydrous AlCl3 is covalent from the data given below predict whether it would remain covalent or ionic in aqueous solution.
Ionization energy for AlCl3=5137 kJmol1
ΔHhydration for Al+3 =4665 kJmol1.
ΔHhydration for Cl = -381 kJmol1

A
Ionic
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B
Covalent
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C
Cannot be predicted
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D
None of the above
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Solution

The correct option is A Ionic
When hydration energy is greater than ionization energy, the bond is ionic. When lonization energy is greater than hydration energy the bond is covalent.
Hydration energy=46653×381=5808 kJmol1
lonization energy = +5137 kJmol1
Hydration energy + lonization energy=5808+5137
=671 kJmol1
Hydration energy is greater than Ionization energy
AlCl3 becomes ionic in aqueous solution.

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