Define prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
Define prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
Prokaryotes are unicellular in nature, as they possess a single cell like bacteria and archaea. While few single cell and all multicellular organisms are known as Eukaryotes, although they have the cytoplasm and genetic material in common.
Prokaryotic cell: They happen to be simpler and smaller. A prokaryotic cell doesn’t possess nucleus or other cell organelles. It is derived from a Greek word meaning before nuclei. They are reproduced through nuclear fission. It has a capsule which covers the outside of the wall, a cell wall which provides strength and rigidity, cytoplasm helping in cellular growth and a plasma membrane containing proteins, etc. The cytoplasm region contains ribosomes which are the smallest part and play a vital role in protein synthesis, mesosomes or the folding that help in cellular respirations, plasmids the small circle of DNA, pili, and flagella. Organisms belonging to the kingdom Monera possess prokaryotic cell.
Eukaryotic cell: They are complex and larger than the prokaryotic cells. It is also derived from a Greek word meaning good or true nuclei. They include all life kingdoms except monera. They consist of the cell wall which protects and supports the plasma membrane, the plasma membrane surrounds the cell and controls the entry and exit of certain substances, the nucleus containing DNA that stores all information, nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, nucleolus playing a vital role in protein synthesis, mitochondria are involved in performing their cellular functions, chloroplast being the subcellular sites of photosynthesis, endoplasmic reticulum helping in movement of materials, ribosome composed of proteins, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoplasm, chromosomes, and centrosomes.
Prokaryotes are unicellular in nature, as they possess a single cell like bacteria and archaea. While few single cell and all multicellular organisms are known as Eukaryotes, although they have the cytoplasm and genetic material in common.
Prokaryotic cell: They happen to be simpler and smaller. A prokaryotic cell doesn’t possess nucleus or other cell organelles. It is derived from a Greek word meaning before nuclei. They are reproduced through nuclear fission. It has a capsule which covers the outside of the wall, a cell wall which provides strength and rigidity, cytoplasm helping in cellular growth and a plasma membrane containing proteins, etc. The cytoplasm region contains ribosomes which are the smallest part and play a vital role in protein synthesis, mesosomes or the folding that help in cellular respirations, plasmids the small circle of DNA, pili, and flagella. Organisms belonging to the kingdom Monera possess prokaryotic cell.
Eukaryotic cell: They are complex and larger than the prokaryotic cells. It is also derived from a Greek word meaning good or true nuclei. They include all life kingdoms except monera. They consist of the cell wall which protects and supports the plasma membrane, the plasma membrane surrounds the cell and controls the entry and exit of certain substances, the nucleus containing DNA that stores all information, nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, nucleolus playing a vital role in protein synthesis, mitochondria are involved in performing their cellular functions, chloroplast being the subcellular sites of photosynthesis, endoplasmic reticulum helping in movement of materials, ribosome composed of proteins, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoplasm, chromosomes, and centrosomes.
