Question

Differentiate between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

Answer 1

1. Diabetes Mellitus is the called diabetes in common terms and the incidence rate is $770$ in $100,000$.
2. Diabetes Insipidus is a rare condition taking place in the kidneys and the incidence rate is $3$ in $100,000$.

Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes insipidus
1. It is caused due to defects in the pancreas.	1. It is caused due to defects in the brain’s hypothalamus.
2. The major reason is the deficiency of the insulin hormone.	2. Another reason is the deficiency of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
3. There is no change in the concentration of urine.	3. The urine is diluted and odourless.
4. Blood glucose levels increase and it is present in urine.	4. Blood glucose levels do not increase and there is no presence of glucose in urine.
5. Blood cholesterol increases.	5. There is no increase in blood cholesterol.
6. Excessive hunger is seen in patients.	6. There are no changes in eating patterns.
7. Ketone bodies are present in urine.	7. Ketone bodies are not present in the urine.
8. The symptoms are high blood sugar, increased thirst and hunger etc.	8. The symptoms include excessive urination and thirst with headaches.