Question

Explain the concept of allergy.

Answer 1

1. An allergy is an immunological hypersensitivity mediated by immunoglobulin E antibody (IgE).
2. It is not related to any disease or infections.
3. Allergies can be seen in many organs, but most commonly, they affect the skin and mucous membranes.
4. Our body is sensitive to specific particles in the environment, and these particles are called allergens.
5. Allergies are mostly a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response.

Certain features of allergies are explained below:

1. Common allergens include pollen, dust, feathers, animal dander, mites, latex, and even certain types of food.
2. The symptoms of allergies typically include sneezing, coughing, running nose, itchy rashes, red eyes, and difficulty in breathing and swallowing.
3. Allergies are caused due to the release of chemicals such as histamine and serotonin.
4. In response to the allergens, our body produces antibodies called immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE).
5. Antihistamine, adrenaline, and steroids are the few drugs that are given to reduce the symptoms of allergy.
6. In severe reactions, adrenaline (epinephrine) is injected into the body.
7. An allergy to at least one allergen is widespread throughout the world.
8. However, with the modern lifestyle, people are more prone to allergies due to low immunity and high sensitivity to the environment.