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Electrolysis and Electrolytes

Explain why e...

Question

Explain why electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCI gives $H_{2}$ at cathode and $C I_{2}$ at anode.

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Solution

At cathode: $2 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} ↑$
At anode: $2 C l^{-} ⟶ C l_{2} ↑ + 2 e^{-}$
At the cathode both $N a^{+}$ and $H^{+}$ are present but discharge potential of $H^{+}$ is lower than that of $N a^{+}$ .
So $H^{+}$ is discharged in preference to $N a^{+}$

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