Let the age of Jacob and his son is x and y.
As per 1st condition of the question,
x+3=3(y+3)
x=3y+6 …….(1)
As per 2nd condition of the question,
x−5=7(y−5)
x=7y−30
From equation 1st and 2nd,
3y+6=7y−30
4y=36
y=9
Put the value of y in equation 1st, we get
x=3×9+6
x=33
Hence, the present age of Jacob is 33 years and present age of his son is 9 years.