Give two balanced reactions of each type to show the following properties of sulphurric acid :

(a) Acidic nature, (b)Oxidising agent,

(c) Dehydrating nature, (d) Non- volatile nature.

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Solution

Balanced reactions are:
(a) Acidic nature:

(i) Dilute $H_{2} S O_{4}$ reacts with basic oxides to form sulphate and
water.
$2 N a O H + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ N a_{2} S O_{4} + 2 H_{2} O$

(ii) $C u O + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ C u S O_{4} + H_{2} O$
(iii) It reacts with carbonate to produce $C O_{2}$

$N a_{2} C O_{3} + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ N a_{2} S O_{4} + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$

(b) Oxidising agent:

$H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ H_{2} O + S O_{2} + [O]$
Nascent oxygen oxidizes non-metals, metals and inorganic compounds.
For example,
Carbon to carbon dioxide
$C + 2 H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ C O_{2} + 2 H_{2} O + 2 S O_{2}$
It oxidized phosphorous to $H_{3} P O_{4}$
5H₂SO₄ + 2P —–> 5SO₂ + 2H₃PO₄ + 2H₂O

(c) Dehydrating nature:

Concentrated H₂SO₄ absorbs water and acts as dehydrating agent. It absorbs H₂O from sugar, starch, paper, wood, cloth etc.

C₆H₁₂O₆ ———> 6C + 2H₂O

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (sucrose or sugar) ——-> 12C + 11H₂O

(d) Non-volatile nature:
It has a high boiling point at $356^{o} C$ so it is considered to be non-volatile. Therefore,
it is used for preparing volatile acids like hydrochloric acid, nitric acid from their
salts by double decomposition reaction.
$N a C l + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ N a H S O_{4} + H C l$
$K N O_{3} + H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ K H S O_{4} + H N O_{3}$

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Similar questions

Q. Give one equation each to show the following properties of sulphuric acid:
As a non-volatile acid.

A, B, C

and

D

summarize the properties of sulphuric acid depending on whether it is dilute or concentrated.

A =

Typical acid property

B =

Non volatile acid

C =

Oxidizing agent

D =

Dehydrating agent.

Choose the property (

A, B, C

D

) depending on which is relevant to each of the following :

(i) Preparation of Hydrogen chloride gas.
(ii) Preparation of Copper sulphate from copper oxide.
(iii) Action of conc. Sulphuric acid on Sulphur.

Q. Give one equation each to show the following properties of sulphuric acid:
Acidic nature.

(a) Which property of sulphuric acid accounts for its use as a dehydrating agent ?

(b) Concentrated sulphuric acid is both an oxidizing agent and a non-volatile acid. Write on equation each to illustrate the above mentioned properties of sulphuric acid.

Some properties of Sulphuric acid are listed below. Choose the property A, B, C or D which is responsible for the reactions (i) to (v). Some properties may be repeated :

A. Acid B. Dehydrating agent

C. Non-volatile acid D. Oxidizing agent

(i) $C_{12} H_{22} O_{11} + n H_{2} S O_{4} \to 12 C + 11 H_{2} O + n H_{2} S O_{4}$

(ii) $S + 2 H_{2} S O_{4} \to 3 S O_{2} + 2 H_{2} O$

(iii) $N a C I + H_{2} S O_{4} \to N a H S O_{4} + H C I$

(iv) $C u O + H_{2} S O_{4} \to C u S O_{4} + H_{2} O$

(v) $N a_{2} C O_{3} + H_{2} S O_{4} \to N a_{2} S O_{4} + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$

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Give two balanced reactions of each type to show the following properties of sulphurric acid : (a) Acidic nature, (b)Oxidising agent, (c) Dehydrating nature, (d) Non- volatile nature.

Give two balanced reactions of each type to show the following properties of sulphurric acid :

(a) Acidic nature, (b)Oxidising agent,

(c) Dehydrating nature, (d) Non- volatile nature.